Gemstone encyclopedia
Every gemstone, explained
What each stone is, how it wears in jewellery, and what to ask before you choose one. Browse by colour, or go straight to a letter.
This encyclopedia is educational. Inclusion does not confirm current Ralph Jacobs stock, sourcing, availability or suitability for a particular jewellery design.
27 of 27 gemstone entries
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Alexandrite
Hardness 8.5
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Amethyst
Hardness 7
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Aquamarine
Hardness 7.5–8 · March
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Chrysoberyl
Hardness 8.5 · June
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Citrine
Hardness 7 · November
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Diamond
Hardness 10 · April
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Emerald
Hardness 7.5–8
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Garnet
Hardness 6.5–7.5
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Iolite
Hardness 7–7.5
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Laboratory-grown
Laboratory-grown diamond
Hardness 10
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Laboratory-grown
Laboratory-grown moissanite
Hardness 9.25
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Labradorite
Hardness 6–6.5
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Moonstone
Hardness 6–6.5
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Morganite
Hardness 7.5–8
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Onyx
Hardness 6.5–7
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Opal
Hardness 5–6.5
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Pearl
Hardness 2.5
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Peridot
Hardness 6.5–7 · August
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Rose quartz
Hardness 7
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Ruby
Hardness 9
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Salt-and-pepper diamond
Hardness 10
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Sapphire
Hardness 9
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Spinel
Hardness 8
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Tanzanite
Hardness 6–7 · December
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Topaz
Hardness 8
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Tourmaline
Hardness 7–7.5
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Zircon
Hardness 6–7.5 · December
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Quick overview
Morganite
Morganite is the pink to peach variety of beryl. Learn how its colour forms, how it is usually treated, how it wears next to diamond, and which settings help protect it.
- Classification
- Mineral variety
- Mohs hardness
- 7.5–8 (scratch resistance — one part of durability)
- Wear considerations
- At 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale, morganite is suitable for everyday wear. It is more likely than diamond to chip or break, so a setting that guards the stone and taking the ring off for hard work can help it last.
- Treatment
- Heat treatment to remove yellow or orange tints and improve the pink (very common, not detectable), Irradiation to deepen colour, Fracture filling (rare)
- Care
- Clean morganite with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic and steam cleaners are usually safe, but not for stones with liquid inclusions, fractures or fracture filling. Those stones should only…
Individual gemstones vary. Care depends on treatment, setting and condition. Encyclopedia inclusion does not confirm availability.
Individual gemstones vary · care depends on treatment, setting and condition · birthstone traditions vary · encyclopedia inclusion does not confirm availability.
